On this day: 31 January
Historic disasters
23
Recorded deaths
1,935
Eruptions began
12
Major events since 1900
20
Disasters on 31 January in history
Damaging earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions from the NOAA Natural Hazards database, deadliest first.
M8.8 earthquake, Off Coast
31 January 1906EcuadorTriggered a tsunami1,000 killed
M6.4 earthquake, Badakhstan, Baghlan, Laghman, Nagarhar
31 January 1991Afghanistan848 killed200 injured$36m damage
M5.0 earthquake, Yanacoa, Pampamarca
31 January 1943Peru75 killed200 injured
M6.4 earthquake, S Mindanao: Glan,Glan Padidu,Tuyan
31 January 1917PhilippinesTriggered a tsunami7 killed2 injured
M6.2 earthquake, Baluchistan
31 January 2018Afghanistan2 killed15 injured
M6.3 earthquake, Zakinthos (Zante)
31 January 1893Greece2 killed
M5.2 earthquake, Pastaza
31 January 2018Ecuador1 killed
Tsunami, East Epi Volcano
31 January 2023VanuatuWaves up to 0.05 m
East Epi eruption (VEI 1)
31 January 2023Vanuatu
M5.9 earthquake, Tajikistan
31 January 1977Tajikistan
M7.0 earthquake, Solomon Islands
31 January 1974Solomon IslandsTriggered a tsunami
M5.1 earthquake, Yunnan Province
31 January 1966China
M4.5 earthquake, Slovenia: Ilirska Bistrica,Koseze
31 January 1956Slovenia
M7.6 earthquake, Northern
31 January 1922USA
Earthquake, Costa Rica-Panama
31 January 1916Costa RicaTriggered a tsunami
M6.0 earthquake, Tasmania
31 January 1907AustraliaTriggered a tsunami
Earthquake, Caracas
31 January 1906VenezuelaTriggered a tsunami
Earthquake, Koeta Radja (Atjeh)
31 January 1886IndonesiaTriggered a tsunami
Earthquake, Vathy-Chora (Samos)
31 January 1873Greece
M6.1 earthquake, Thera Island (Santorini)
31 January 1866GreeceTriggered a tsunami52 homes destroyed
Tsunami, Tasman Sea
31 January 1858Australia
Tsunami, Baleares
31 January 1756Spain
M7.3 earthquake, Dodecanese; Crete; Cyprus; Egypt
31 January 1741GreeceTriggered a tsunami
Major events from our live records
Big earthquakes and major disasters on 31 January in recent decades.
- 8.8
M8.8 earthquake near Esmeraldas, Esmeraldas
20 km deep
Extreme - 7.5
M7.5 earthquake - Sea of Okhotsk
450 km deep
Extreme - 7.4
M7.4 earthquake near Eureka, California
15 km deep
Extreme - 7.0
M7.0 earthquake near Arawa, Bougainville
34 km deep
Extreme - 6.9
M6.9 earthquake near Jurm, Badakhshan
142 km deep
Major - 6.9
M6.9 earthquake near Glan, Soccsksargen
35 km deep
Major - 6.7
M6.7 earthquake near Yomitan, Okinawa
50 km deep
Major - 6.7
M6.7 earthquake - Prince William Sound, Alaska
25 km deep
Major - 6.5
M6.5 earthquake - Kermadec Islands, New Zealand
34 km deep
Major - 6.4
M6.4 earthquake - 271 km N of Tobelo, Indonesia
48 km deep
Major - 6.4
M6.4 earthquake near Mengman, Yunnan
35 km deep
Major - 6.4
M6.4 earthquake - 72 km NE of Hihifo, Tonga
25 km deep
Major - 6.3
M6.3 earthquake - 217 km WSW of Te Anau, New Zealand
10 km deep
Major - 6.3
M6.3 earthquake near Muroto-misakicho, Kochi
20 km deep
Major - 6.3
M6.3 earthquake - Kuril Islands
25 km deep
Major - 6.3
M6.3 earthquake near Tapurah, Mato Grosso
15 km deep
Major - 6.3
M6.3 earthquake - 142 km NNW of Sola, Vanuatu
15 km deep
Major - 6.2
M6.2 earthquake near Jurm, Badakhshan
194 km deep
Major - 6.2
M6.2 earthquake near Arawa, Bougainville
62 km deep
Major - 6.2
M6.2 earthquake near Kasulu, Kigoma
20 km deep
Major
Eruptions that began on 31 January
From the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program eruption record.
- 2023East Epi, VanuatuVEI 1
- 2022Tara, Batu, IndonesiaVEI ?
- 2017Fournaise, Piton de la, FranceVEI 0
- 1987Akutan, United StatesVEI 2
- 1968Taal, PhilippinesVEI 2
- 1953Raung, IndonesiaVEI 3
- 1938Salak, IndonesiaVEI 2
- 1904Klyuchevskoy, RussiaVEI 2
- 1902Kanlaon, PhilippinesVEI 2
- 1752Antuco, ChileVEI 3
- 1705Fuego, GuatemalaVEI 2
- 1618Iwakisan, JapanVEI 2